Search results for "Computer Modeling"

showing 10 items of 11 documents

Universal natural shapes: From unifying shape description to simple methods for shape analysis and boundary value problems

2012

Gielis curves and surfaces can describe a wide range of natural shapes and they have been used in various studies in biology and physics as descriptive tool. This has stimulated the generalization of widely used computational methods. Here we show that proper normalization of the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm allows for efficient and robust reconstruction of Gielis curves, including self-intersecting and asymmetric curves, without increasing the overall complexity of the algorithm. Then, we show how complex curves of k-type can be constructed and how solutions to the Dirichlet problem for the Laplace equation on these complex domains can be derived using a semi-Fourier method. In all three …

Evolutionary algorithmlcsh:MedicineGeometryBioinformaticsCurvature[ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Plant Genetics01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake[ MATH.MATH-AP ] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]Non-Euclidean geometryApplied mathematics[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]Boundary value problemBounday Value Problem0101 mathematicslcsh:ScienceBiologyMathematical ComputingGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)030304 developmental biologyLaplace's equationPhysicsDirichlet problem0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryPhysicsApplied Mathematicslcsh:R010102 general mathematicsComputational Biology[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Laplace equationModels TheoreticalGielis CurvesFourier analysisComputer Sciencesymbolslcsh:QEngineering sciences. TechnologyAlgorithmsMathematicsShape analysis (digital geometry)Research ArticleDevelopmental BiologyComputer Modeling
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Conformational response to ligand binding in phosphomannomutase2: insights into inborn glycosylation disorder.

2014

Background: Mutations in phosphomannomutase2 cause glycosylation disorder, a disease without a cure that will largely benefit from accurate ligand-bound models. Results: We obtained two models of phospomannomutase2 bound to glucose 1,6-bisphosphate and validated them with limited proteolysis. Conclusion: Ligand binding induces a large conformational transition in PMM2. Significance: We produce and validate closed-form models of PMM2 that represent a starting point for rational drug discovery.

Models MolecularPELEGlycosylationProtein Conformation1Molecular Sequence DataGlucose-6-PhosphateGlycosylation Inhibitor6-bisphosphate; PELE; computer modeling; drug discovery; glycosylation; glycosylation inhibitor; ligand-binding protein; phosphomannomutaseLigandsDrug DiscoveryAnimalsHumansAmino Acid Sequence16-BisphosphateProtein UnfoldingTemperatureLigand-binding Proteinphosphomannomutase 2 and mass spectrometryPhosphotransferases (Phosphomutases)PhosphomannomutaseMutationProteolysisMetabolism Inborn ErrorsMolecular BiophysicsPeptide HydrolasesProtein BindingComputer ModelingThe Journal of biological chemistry
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Simulating Secularities: Challenges and Opportunities in the Computational Science of (Non)Religion

2021

This article provides scholars of nonreligion and secularism with an introduction to some of the major opportunities and challenges associated with the growing application of computational methods to the phenomena they study. It also illustrates these opportunities and challenges by describing several overlapping research projects and some of the models of (non)religion they have produced. Finally, the article addresses some of the significant philosophical issues surrounding the use of computer modeling and simulation, focusing on the ethical and epistemological concerns that these tools often raise. I invite scholars of nonreligion to consider adding these techniques to their methodologic…

asadHistoryReligions. Mythology. RationalismSociology and Political ScienceReligious studiessocial simulationnonreligionBL1-2790cognitive science humanities social scienceGender StudiesPhilosophysecularitiesAnthropologycomputer modeling; social simulation; nonreligion; secularities; Asad; AtranatranJoin (sigma algebra)Engineering ethicsSociologySecularismVDP::Humaniora: 000::Teologi og religionsvitenskap: 150::Religionsvitenskap religionshistorie: 153computer modelingSocial simulationSecularism and Nonreligion
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Unreliable predictions about COVID‐19 infections and hospitalizations make people worry: The case of Italy

2021

Computer modeling &ltmedicine.medical_specialty2019-20 coronavirus outbreakCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)BioinformaticsSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)media_common.quotation_subjectcomputer modeling < biostatistics & bioinformatics; epidemiology; statistical inference < biostatistics & bioinformaticsMEDLINEVirologycomputer modeling < biostatistics & bioinformaticsEpidemiologyHumansMedicineLetters to the EditorIntensive care medicineLetter to the Editormedia_commonSARS-CoV-2business.industryCommunicationBiostatistics &ampCOVID-19Computer modeling &lt; Biostatistics &amp; Bioinformaticsstatistical inference < biostatistics & bioinformaticsVirologyInfectious DiseasesItalyStatistical inference &lt; Biostatistics &amp; BioinformaticsepidemiologyWorrySettore SECS-S/01businessForecastingJournal of Medical Virology
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Simulating multilevel dynamics of antimicrobial resistance in a membrane computing model

2019

Membrane computing is a bio-inspired computing paradigm whose devices are the so-called membrane systems or P systems. The P system designed in this work reproduces complex biological landscapes in the computer world. It uses nested “membrane-surrounded entities” able to divide, propagate, and die; to be transferred into other membranes; to exchange informative material according to flexible rules; and to mutate and be selected by external agents. This allows the exploration of hierarchical interactive dynamics resulting from the probabilistic interaction of genes (phenotypes), clones, species, hosts, environments, and antibiotic challenges. Our model facilitates analysis of several aspects…

antibiotic resistanceComputer scienceAntibiotic resistanceComplex systemComputational biologyEcological and Evolutionary ScienceMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesAntibiotic resistancePlasmidmultilevelVirologyDrug Resistance BacterialMembrane computingHumansComputer SimulationSelection GeneticMembrane computingcomputer modeling030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesBacteria030306 microbiologyComputer modelingMultilevel modelProbabilistic logicmathematical modelingMultilevelQR1-502Patient flowAnti-Bacterial Agentsmembrane computingMathematical modelingLENGUAJES Y SISTEMAS INFORMATICOSResearch Article
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Human Simulation and Sustainability : Ontological, Epistemological, and Ethical Reflections

2020

This article begins with a brief outline of recent advances in the application of computer modeling to sustainability research, identifying important gaps in coverage and associated limits in methodological capability, particularly in regard to taking account of the tangled human factors that are often impediments to a sustainable future. It then describes some of the ways in which a new transdisciplinary approach within &ldquo

Value (ethics)010504 meteorology & atmospheric scienceshuman simulationGeography Planning and DevelopmentTJ807-830010501 environmental sciencesManagement Monitoring Policy and Lawsocial simulationTD194-19501 natural sciencesVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsvitenskap: 420Renewable energy sourcesGE1-350SociologyontologyVDP::Teknologi: 500::Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologi: 550computer modeling0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSocial simulationSustainable developmentEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentStakeholderepistemologysustainabilityethicsEpistemologydevelopment studiesassemblage theoryEnvironmental sciencesSubject-matter expertPhilosophical analysisSustainabilityOntologyVDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Urbanisme og fysisk planlegging: 230
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Computer Modeling in Philosophy of Religion

2019

AbstractHow might philosophy of religion be impacted by developments in computational modeling and social simulation? After briefly describing some of the content and context biases that have shaped traditional philosophy of religion, this article provides examples of computational models that illustrate the explanatory power of conceptually clear and empirically validated causal architectures informed by the bio-cultural sciences. It also outlines some of the material implications of these developments for broader metaphysical and metaethical discussions in philosophy. Computer modeling and simulation can contribute to the reformation of the philosophy of religion in at least three ways: b…

atheismVDP::Humaniora: 000::Teologi og religionsvitenskap: 150Philosophylcsh:Philosophy (General)05 social sciencesMetaphysics050109 social psychologytheismscientific study of religionmetaphysics050105 experimental psychologyEpistemologyPhilosophyphilosophy of religion0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesTheismAtheismmetaethicslcsh:B1-5802computer modelingPhilosophy of religionOpen Philosophy
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Electric conduction in solids: a pedagogical approach supported by laboratory measurements and computer modelling environments

2008

In this paper we present a pedagogic approach aimed at modeling electric conduction in semiconductors, built by using NetLogo, a programmable modeling environment for building and exploring multi‐agent systems. ‘Virtual experiments’ are implemented to confront predictions of different microscopic models with real measurements of electric properties of matter, such as resistivity. The relations between these electric properties and other physical variables, like temperature, are, then, analyzed.

EngineeringNetLogoElectrical resistivity and conductivitybusiness.industryMechanical engineeringElectric propertiesComputer modellingComputer aided instructionbusinessThermal conductioncomputerComputer modeling Semiconductor device modeling Electrical properties Electrical resistivity Semiconductorscomputer.programming_language
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MuTE: a MATLAB toolbox to compare established and novel estimators of the multivariate transfer entropy.

2014

A challenge for physiologists and neuroscientists is to map information transfer between components of the systems that they study at different scales, in order to derive important knowledge on structure and function from the analysis of the recorded dynamics. The components of physiological networks often interact in a nonlinear way and through mechanisms which are in general not completely known. It is then safer that the method of choice for analyzing these interactions does not rely on any model or assumption on the nature of the data and their interactions. Transfer entropy has emerged as a powerful tool to quantify directed dynamical interactions. In this paper we compare different ap…

Multivariate statisticsInformation transferTheoretical computer scienceComputer scienceEntropyInformation TheorySocial SciencesCAUSALITYMedicine (all); Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)BioinformaticsMedicine and Health SciencesEntropy (energy dispersal)MultidisciplinaryEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)Medicine (all)QSoftware DevelopmentREstimatorSoftware EngineeringElectroencephalographyCausalityNeurologyCardiovascular DiseasesProbability distributionMedicineAlgorithmsResearch ArticleComputer ModelingComputer and Information SciencesScienceCardiologyProbability density functionEntropy (classical thermodynamics)Artificial IntelligenceLinear regressionEntropy (information theory)HumansComputer SimulationEntropy (arrow of time)Conditional entropyBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)EpilepsyBiology and Life SciencesModels TheoreticalMODELNonlinear systemAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)ROC CurveINFORMATION-TRANSFERSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaCognitive ScienceTransfer entropySoftwareEntropy (order and disorder)NeurosciencePLoS ONE
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Mechanics of pericardial effusion: A simulation study

2015

Pericardial effusion is a pathological accumulation of fluid within pericardial cavity, which may compress heart chambers with hemodynamic impairment. We sought to determine the mechanics underlying the physiology of the hemodynamic impairment due to pericardial effusion using patient-specific computational modeling. Computational models of left ventricle and right ventricle were based on magnetic resonance images obtained from patients with pericardial effusion and controls. Myocardial material parameters were adjusted, so that volumes of ventricular chambers and pericardial effusion agreed with magnetic resonance imaging data. End-diastolic and end-systolic pressure–volume relationships …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyFinite Element AnalysisDiastolePericardial effusionPericardial effusionYoung AdultSettore ING-IND/14 - Progettazione Meccanica E Costruzione Di MacchineFinite Element AnalysiInternal medicineCardiac tamponademedicineSettore ING-IND/12 - Misure Meccaniche E TermichePericardiumHumansInterventricular septumcomputer modelingAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringPericardial cavityModels CardiovascularSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria IndustrialeGeneral MedicineStroke volumeMechanicsmedicine.diseaseCardiac Tamponademedicine.anatomical_structureVentricleCardiologyFemaleRadiologybusinessHuman
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